It’s useful, but not necessary. Regular insurance can cover most issues for small business. Protection for shareholders in a small business generally means protecting the owners who are also the managers … but the managers are still liable, so the way it’s done by some is to keep assets in a separate company that leases to the operating company - which is a bit more management overhead, but gives the same degree of protection for assets and no limited liability is even helpful.
I’m unclear what you are saying here.
That’s exactly my point. Without limited liability investors are going to choose ventures they can keep their eye on.
It’s important to recognize that this grant of limited liability, like any government product is not ‘free’ for society - the investors are protected, but the costs end up being born by the public and this generally means the poor. I don’t know what the numbers might be, but certainly must be in the 10’s of billions per year on average - maybe a lot more factoring in major collapses driven by malinvestments.
I’ve made my case for that and I think it’s a strong one. Trillions of dollars sits in these mega corp stocks. All the well known billionaires are certainly the product of limited liability laws - including Musk and Gates.
Many of these billionaires get to buy in at the very opening of the IPO. Many buy in before the IPO - The angel investors. The IPO historically has been a huge deal for them.
The key to it is that the general public comes in with huge bank and bids up the price after they are in. IPO aside, the publicly traded stock market in general is bid up far in excess of it’s legit value because of coercive superannuation schemes driving endless capital into a limited pick of oligarch-controlled companies. And that simply could not happen without limited liability for investors.
So yes, it has made most of the billionaires today whether it was via IPO’s or just trading in the existing highly controlled public stock markets.
I’m not sure you are understanding what limited liability offers for protection here. It doesn’t protect a companies assets.
Forming a separate legal entity as a business protects your personal assets only if you as the manager of that company aren’t sued - and you can be for various wrong-doing (criminal activity, corporate malfeasance, breach of duties, making personal guarantees, and other fraudulent things). Limited liability is mostly a shield to investors.
The real way to gain protection with companies is to set up a “holding” company and to put all of your assets into those. Then lease them to yourself (for tax purposes) or just benefit from them yourself directly. This way if you get sued they can’t be taken from you. The holding company doesn’t participate with the general public, so it’s unlikely to ever be sued.
edit again (sorry, but this is a rabbit hole) … shares in your holding company could be confiscated as well if you get sued - so be careful about who in your family get’s them 