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16 
# Add C# code for sending the system-wide environment change notification
Add-Type @"
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class NotifyUser {
    [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public static extern bool SendNotifyMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint Msg, UIntPtr wParam, string lParam);

    public static void NotifyUserEnvironmentVariableChanged() {
        const int HWND_BROADCAST = 0xFFFF;
        const uint WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x001A;
        SendNotifyMessage((IntPtr)HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, (UIntPtr)0, "Environment");
    }
}
"@ -Language CSharp

# Function to set the environment variable for all users using .NET
function Set-EnvVarForAllUsers {
    param(
        [string]$VarName,
        [string]$VarValue
    )

    # Set the environment variable for the system using .NET method (affects new processes)
    [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable($VarName, $VarValue, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

    # Verify the value has been set (for the system environment)
    $envValue = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($VarName, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
    Write-Host "$VarName has been set to: $envValue"
}

# Set the SECRET_KEY environment variable to "xyz" for all users (system-wide)
Set-EnvVarForAllUsers -VarName "SECRET_KEY" -VarValue "xyz"

# Call the function to notify the system about the environment change
[NotifyUser]::NotifyUserEnvironmentVariableChanged()

Haven’t tried the above, but above P/Invoke low level API on windows can make the env. vars show up for new processes outside of Windows Explorer without a restart of host.

The C# code was taken from an earlier post by me noted here: Node Manager UX and Issues - #239 by Shu.