Hello @RagingCitrusTree !
I suppose your main entry for developer ressource is : https://forum.safedev.org/ for now.
There you could first focus on :
and
And also :
http://docs.maidsafe.net/beaker-plugin-safe-app/
As for your questions, I will try :
Safe apps can be written in many languages , including Rust, c++, javascript… Most of the current documentation and published libraries are focusing on Javascript and Node.
Safe websites are HTML, CSS and javascript , basically. There are entries for webassembly and other oddities ( well, at least for me this is odd : )
I myself as a novice try to follow the dev forum that I linked higher, but also try to study the examples in the git repository : GitHub - maidsafe-archive/safe_examples: examples showcasing various features of the SAFE Network
Don’t hesitate to ask on the dev forum, there are nice people there , including core Maidsafe developpers, veteran web and apps writers, newcomers , but all willing to help !